Going to space with Python
''If you are going to change the world, you've got to try really different things.''
- Frances Arnold, Nobel Prize in Chemistry
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Img source: the Verge
Hello gorgeous Friends!
I love Python 😉
If you are just starting out as a beginner programmer, I highly recommend you to learn Python first. It is super easy to learn and beginner friendly.
Python has a great plethora of libraries, modules and frameworks that allows you to do just what you want with ease. Even going to space. 😊
In this article, we are doing to use the requests library and the open-notify API to find out which and how many astronauts are in space. Ready? Let's dive in...
First, we have to install the requests module from PyPI using pip. It will help us make HTTP requests. If you already have it installed, please skip this step.
| pip install requests |
Create a new python file and name it whatever you want. I'll name mine astros.py
Inside our file, we are going to type this.
| import requests | |
| # The open-notify API | |
| url = "http://api.open-notify.org/astros.json" | |
| response = requests.get(url) | |
| status_code = response.status_code | |
| print(status_code) |
When you are performing a HTTPrequest, it should display a status code. We've assigned this status code to the status_code variable.
Let's run astros.py.
| python3 astros.py | |
| #200 |
A 200 response status code means that our request to the server has been successfully received. To learn more about HTTP status codes check out MDN Docs.
Alright, so far so good! Let's get data.
| data = response.text | |
| # get the data type we received | |
| print(type(data)) | |
| print(data) |
| <class 'str'> | |
| {"number": 3, "people": [{"craft": "ISS", "name": "Chris Cassidy"}, {"craft": "ISS", "name": "Anatoly Ivanishin"}, {"craft": "ISS", "name": "Ivan Vagner"}], "message": "success"} |
We're getting dataaaaaaaa! 😜
Yes, but it is of type string. We can't do much faster with data of type string. Well, there is another python module that will help us handle this. It is called json. Go and box this code import json just below or before where you wrote import requests in your file. It should look like this;
| import requests | |
| import json |
Good. Now let's convert our data into a python dictionary using json.
| clean_data = json.loads(data) | |
| print(type(clean_data)) | |
| print(clean_data) |
| <class 'dict'> | |
| {'number': 3, 'people': [{'craft': 'ISS', 'name': 'Chris Cassidy'}, {'craft': 'ISS', 'name': 'Anatoly Ivanishin'}, {'craft': 'ISS', 'name': 'Ivan Vagner'}], 'message': 'success'} |
Now our data is of type dict. Great!
How many astronauts are in space?
| astronauts = clean_data['number'] | |
| print("Number of Astronauts =>", astronauts) |
| Number of Astronauts => 3 |
Who are they?
| names = json_data['people'] | |
| print('Names => ', names) |
| Names => [{'craft': 'ISS', 'name': 'Chris Cassidy'}, {'craft': 'ISS', 'name': 'Anatoly Ivanishin'}, {'craft': 'ISS', 'name': 'Ivan Vagner'}] |
Well, our names are in an array() of objects. Let's unpack it
| list_of_astronauts = [] | |
| for item in range(len(names)): | |
| list_of_austronauts.append(names[item]['name']) | |
| for astronaut in list_of_astronauts: | |
| print(astronaut) |
| Chris Cassidy | |
| Anatoly Ivanishin | |
| Ivan Vagner |
Lastly, let's get every astroanut and their craft.
| craft_and_name = clean_data['people'] | |
| for name in range(len(names)): | |
| print('Craft:', names[name]['craft'],"\n", "Astronaut:", names[name]['name']) |
| Craft: ISS | |
| Astronaut: Chris Cassidy | |
| Craft: ISS | |
| Astronaut: Anatoly Ivanishin | |
| Craft: ISS | |
| Astronaut: Ivan Vagner |
That was it.
We've just learned how to use python's requests library to perform HTTP requests. We've also learned how to use json to convert data of type string into a dictionary which allows you to access it easily within our code.
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Next
You should go utilize the open-notify API to get different data such as the position of the `ISS` in space.